Methodology: what, when, how?

Introduction

We provide an overview of how a research project is structured. In particular we discuss what steps and sub-steps need to be taken, when, and what what inputs does each step require and what outputs does it produce.

There is no new assessment in this module. The tools, techniques and concepts of this module contribute to successful completion of upcoming assessments and can also be leveraged in previous assessments that have not yet been turned in.

Learning outcomes

This module will help you do the following: identifying required steps in a research project and providing a reasonable timeline to achieve the project objectives.

• Identify and Develop the Research Topic
• Conduct a Thorough Literature Review
• Design the Research Methodology
• Collect and Analyze Research Data
• Write and Structure the Research Report

Readings

• Umesh Kumar B Dubey: Research methodology — techniques and trends, 2022. https://mcgill.on.worldcat.org/oclc/1294398994 (optional, eBook)
• Ranjit Kumar: Research methodology — a step-by-step guide for beginners, 2011. https://mcgill.on.worldcat.org/oclc/688576521 (optional, eBook)
• John W Creswell and J David Creswell: Research design — qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches, 2023. https://mcgill.on.worldcat.org/oclc/1334726603 (optional, eBook)

Tools

Research tools play a crucial role in developing research methodology, hypotheses, and research questions. Researchers can utilize a variety of tools to enhance their research process. Here are some essential tools commonly used in research:

• Qualitative Data Collection Tools: Qualitative research involves exploring values, attitudes, and behaviors. Tools like interviewing, observation, discussions, and document review are commonly used for qualitative data collection
• Quantitative Data Collection Tools: For objective data collection in numerical form, quantitative methods use standardized tools like questionnaires and surveys to minimize bias
• Data Visualization Tools: Tools such as Tableau, Excel, and Plotly aid in creating visual representations of data for effective communication of research findings
• Online Survey Platforms: Platforms like SurveyMonkey, Google Forms, and Qualtrics simplify the design, distribution, and analysis of online surveys
• Collaboration Platforms: Tools like Slack, Microsoft Teams, and Google Workspace facilitate team communication, file sharing, and project management during the research process

By leveraging these tools appropriately, researchers can enhance the quality and efficiency of their research endeavors.